Kugwiritsa ntchito ndi kukonza ma microscopes opangira opaleshoni

 

Ndi kupita patsogolo kosalekeza ndi chitukuko cha sayansi, opaleshoni yalowa mu nthawi ya microsurgery. Kugwiritsa ntchitomicroscopes opaleshonisikuti amalola madokotala kuona bwino dongosolo la opaleshoni malo bwino, komanso chimathandiza zosiyanasiyana yaying'ono maopaleshoni sangakhoze kuchitidwa ndi maso wamaliseche, kwambiri kukulitsa kukula kwa mankhwala opaleshoni, kuwongolera mwatsatanetsatane opaleshoni ndi mitengo machiritso odwala. Pakadali pano,Maikulosikopu ogwira ntchitozakhala chida chamankhwala chokhazikika. WambaMaikulosikopu m'chipinda chogwirira ntchitokuphatikizamaikulosikopu opangira opaleshoni m'kamwa, ma microscopes opangira mano, ma microscopes opangira mafupa a mafupa, microscopes ophthalmic opaleshoni, microscopes opaleshoni ya urological, ma microscopes otolaryngological opaleshoni,ndima microscopes opangira opaleshoni ya neurosurgical, mwa ena. Pali kusiyana pang'ono kwa opanga ndi mafotokozedwe amicroscopes opaleshoni, koma nthawi zambiri amakhala osasinthasintha potengera magwiridwe antchito komanso magwiridwe antchito.

1 Mapangidwe oyambira a microscope ya opaleshoni

Opaleshoni nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito amicroscope ya opaleshoni yoima(kuima kwapansi), komwe kumadziwika ndi kuyika kwake kosinthika komanso kuyika kosavuta.Maikulosikopu Opangira Opaleshoni Yachipatalanthawi zambiri imatha kugawidwa m'magawo anayi: makina, makina owonera, mawonekedwe owunikira, ndi mawonekedwe owonetsera.

1.1 Mechanical System:Mapangidwe apamwambaMaikulosikopu ogwira ntchitonthawi zambiri amakhala ndi makina ovuta kukonza ndi kuwongolera, kuwonetsetsa kuti zowonera ndi zowunikira zitha kusuntha mwachangu komanso moyenera kumalo ofunikira. Dongosolo lamakina limaphatikizapo: maziko, gudumu loyenda, brake, mzati waukulu, mkono wozungulira, mkono wodutsa, mkono wokwezera maikulosikopu, woyendetsa XY wopingasa, ndi bolodi yowongolera phazi. Mkono wodutsa nthawi zambiri umapangidwa m'magulu awiri, ndi cholinga chothandiziramicroscope kuyang'anakuti musunthire mwachangu pamalo opangira opaleshoni mkati mwamtundu waukulu kwambiri. Chopingasa XY chosuntha chikhoza kuyika molondolamaikulosikopupa malo ofunidwa. Bolodi lowongolera phazi limawongolera maikulosikopu kuti isunthire mmwamba, pansi, kumanzere, kumanja, ndi kuyang'ana, ndipo imathanso kusintha kukula ndi kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa maikulosikopu. Dongosolo la makina ndi mafupa aMaikulosikopu ogwiritsira ntchito zamankhwala, kutsimikizira kusiyanasiyana kwake. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito, onetsetsani kukhazikika kwadongosolo.

1.2 Njira Yowonera:Dongosolo loyang'ana mu amicroscope ya opaleshoni yonsekwenikweni zimasinthakukulitsa ma binocular stereo microscope. Dongosolo loyang'anira limaphatikizapo: ma lens acholinga, makina owonera, chodulira chamitengo, magalasi opangira pulogalamu, ma prism apadera, ndi eyepiece. Panthawi ya opaleshoni, othandizira nthawi zambiri amafunika kugwirizana, choncho dongosolo loyang'anitsitsa nthawi zambiri limapangidwa ngati mawonekedwe a binocular kwa anthu awiri.

1.3 Njira Yowunikira: Maikulosikopukuyatsa kungagawidwe m'mitundu iwiri: kuyatsa kwamkati ndi kuyatsa kwakunja. Ntchito yake ndi pa zosowa zapadera, monga kuyatsa nyali za ophthalmic slit. Njira yowunikira imakhala ndi magetsi akuluakulu, magetsi othandizira, zingwe za kuwala, ndi zina zotero. Gwero la kuwala limaunikira chinthucho kuchokera kumbali kapena pamwamba, ndipo chithunzicho chimapangidwa ndi kuwala kowonekera kulowa mu lens cholinga.

1.4 Njira Yowonetsera:Ndi chitukuko chosalekeza chaukadaulo wa digito, chitukuko chogwira ntchito chamicroscope ntchitoakukhala olemera kwambiri. Themicroscope yachipatala ya opaleshoniili ndi kamera yakuwonera kanema wawayilesi komanso makina ojambulira maopaleshoni. Itha kuwonetsa zochitika za opaleshoniyo mwachindunji pa TV kapena pakompyuta, kulola anthu angapo kuti aziwona momwe opaleshoniyo ikuchitikira panthawi imodzi. Ndiwoyenera kuphunzitsa, kafukufuku wasayansi, komanso kuyankhulana kwachipatala.

2 Kusamala kuti mugwiritse ntchito

2.1 Ma microscope opangira opaleshonindi chida chowunikira chomwe chili ndi njira zovuta kupanga, kulondola kwambiri, mtengo wokwera mtengo, wosalimba komanso wovuta kuchira. Kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwakukulu. Chifukwa chake, musanagwiritse ntchito, choyamba muyenera kumvetsetsa kapangidwe kake ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito kakeMaikulosikopu azachipatala. Osatembenuza zomangira ndi zomangira pa maikulosikopu mosasamala, kapena kuwononga kwambiri; Chidacho sichingathe kugawidwa mwakufuna, chifukwa ma microscopes amafunikira kulondola kwambiri pamisonkhano; Pakukhazikitsa, kuwongolera kolimba komanso kovutirako kumafunika, ndipo ndizovuta kubwezeretsanso ngati kuphatikizika mwachisawawa.

2.2Samalani kusungaMa microscope opangira opaleshonioyera, makamaka magalasi pa chida, monga disolo. Pamene madontho amadzimadzi, mafuta, ndi magazi awononga mandala, kumbukirani kuti musagwiritse ntchito manja, nsalu, kapena pepala kupukuta mandalawo. Chifukwa chakuti manja, nsalu, ndi mapepala kaŵirikaŵiri zimakhala ndi timiyala tating’ono totha kusiya zizindikiro pagalasi. Pakakhala fumbi pagalasi, katswiri woyeretsa (anhydrous alcohol) angagwiritsidwe ntchito kupukuta ndi thonje lowonongeka. Ngati dothi ndi lalikulu ndipo silingapukulidwe, musalipukute mwamphamvu. Chonde funsani akatswiri kuti athane nazo.

2.3Njira yowunikira nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi zida zofooka kwambiri zomwe siziwoneka mosavuta ndi maso, ndipo zala kapena zinthu zina siziyenera kuyikidwa munjira yowunikira. Kuwonongeka kosasamala kumabweretsa kuwonongeka kosasinthika.

3 Kusamalira ma microscopes

3.1Kutalika kwa moyo wa babu wowunikira kwaMa microscope opangira opaleshonizimasiyanasiyana malinga ndi nthawi yogwira ntchito. Ngati babu yawonongeka ndikusinthidwa, onetsetsani kuti mwakhazikitsanso makinawo mpaka ziro kuti musawononge makina osafunikira. Nthawi iliyonse mphamvu ikayatsidwa kapena kuzimitsidwa, chosinthira chowunikira chiyenera kuzimitsidwa kapena kuwunikira kukhale kochepa kwambiri kuti zisawononge mwadzidzidzi mphamvu yamagetsi yowononga magetsi.

3.2Kuti akwaniritse zofunikira posankha malo opangira opaleshoni, kukula kwake, ndi kumveka bwino panthawi ya opaleshoni, madokotala amatha kusintha kabowo kamene kamadutsa, kutalika kwapakati, kutalika, ndi zina zotero. Pokonzekera, ndikofunikira kusuntha pang'onopang'ono komanso pang'onopang'ono. Mukafika malire, ndikofunikira kuyimitsa nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa kupitilira nthawi kumatha kuwononga galimoto ndikupangitsa kulephera kusintha.

3.3 Pambuyo kugwiritsa ntchitomaikulosikopukwa nthawi yayitali, loko yolumikizirana ingakhale yakufa kwambiri kapena kumasuka kwambiri. Panthawi imeneyi, m'pofunika kokha kubwezeretsa loko olowa mu chikhalidwe yake yachibadwa ntchito malinga ndi mmene zinthu zilili. Isanayambe ntchito iliyonse yaMaikulosikopu ogwiritsira ntchito zamankhwala, m'pofunika kuti nthawi zonse muyang'ane kumasuka kulikonse m'magulu kuti mupewe vuto losafunika panthawi ya opaleshoni.

3.4Pambuyo pa ntchito iliyonse, gwiritsani ntchito degreasing thonje chotsukira kupukuta dothi pantchito maikulosikopu zachipatala, apo ayi zidzakhala zovuta kuzipukuta kwa nthawi yayitali. Phimbani ndi chivundikiro cha maikulosikopu ndikuyisunga pamalo abwino, owuma, opanda fumbi komanso osawononga mpweya.

3.5Khazikitsani dongosolo lokonzekera, ndi akatswiri omwe amayang'ana nthawi zonse kukonza ndikusintha, kukonza koyenera ndi kukonza makina amakina, mawonekedwe owonera, makina owunikira, makina owonetsera, ndi magawo ozungulira. Mwachidule, kusamala kuyenera kuchitidwa pogwiritsa ntchito amaikulosikopukomanso kugwira movutikira kuyenera kupewedwa. Kukulitsa moyo wautumiki wa ma microscopes opangira opaleshoni, ndikofunikira kudalira malingaliro okhwima a ogwira ntchito ndi chisamaliro chawo ndi chikondi chawo kwa ogwira ntchito.maikulosikopu, kuti athe kugwira ntchito bwino ndikugwira ntchito yabwino.