Kupanga zithunzi zowoneka bwino pogwiritsa ntchito ma microscope opangidwa ndi mavidiyo

Mu nkhani ya zamankhwala, opaleshoni mosakayikira ndiyo njira yaikulu yochiritsira matenda ambiri, makamaka yomwe imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pochiza khansa msanga. Chinsinsi cha opaleshoni ya dokotala chikuyenda bwino chili ndi kuwona bwino gawo la matenda pambuyo poduladula.Maikulosikopu a opaleshoniakhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu opaleshoni yachipatala chifukwa cha kuzindikira kwawo kwakukulu kwa miyeso itatu, tanthauzo lapamwamba, komanso kutsimikiza kwakukulu. Komabe, kapangidwe ka thupi la gawo la matenda ndi kovuta komanso kovuta, ndipo ambiri mwa iwo ali pafupi ndi minofu yofunika ya ziwalo. Mapangidwe a milimita imodzi ndi micrometer apitirira kwambiri kuchuluka komwe kungawonekere ndi diso la munthu. Kuphatikiza apo, minofu ya mitsempha m'thupi la munthu ndi yopapatiza komanso yodzaza, ndipo kuwala sikukwanira. Kupatuka kulikonse pang'ono kungayambitse kuvulaza wodwalayo, kukhudza zotsatira za opaleshoni, komanso kuyika moyo pachiswe. Chifukwa chake, kufufuza ndi kupangaKugwira ntchitomaikulosikopuyokhala ndi kukula kokwanira komanso zithunzi zomveka bwino ndi nkhani yomwe ofufuza akupitilizabe kuifufuza mozama.

Pakadali pano, ukadaulo wa digito monga zithunzi ndi makanema, kutumiza uthenga, ndi kujambula zithunzi zikulowa m'munda wa opaleshoni ya microsurgery ndi maubwino atsopano. Ukadaulo uwu sikuti umangokhudza kwambiri moyo wa anthu, komanso ukulowa pang'onopang'ono m'munda wa opaleshoni ya microsurgery. Zowonetsera zapamwamba, makamera, ndi zina zotero zimatha kukwaniritsa zofunikira zomwe zilipo kuti opaleshoni ikhale yolondola. Makina a kanema okhala ndi CCD, CMOS ndi masensa ena azithunzi ngati malo olandirira zithunzi agwiritsidwa ntchito pang'onopang'ono pa ma microscope ochitidwa opaleshoni. Makanema owonera opaleshonindi osinthasintha kwambiri komanso osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito madokotala. Kuyambitsidwa kwa ukadaulo wapamwamba monga njira yoyendera, chiwonetsero cha 3D, mtundu wa chithunzi chapamwamba, zenizeni zowonjezeredwa (AR), ndi zina zotero, zomwe zimathandiza kugawana mawonekedwe a anthu ambiri panthawi ya opaleshoni, zimathandizanso madokotala kuchita bwino ntchito za opaleshoni.

Kujambula zithunzi pogwiritsa ntchito maikulosikopu ndiko chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimapangitsa kuti maikulosikopu ikhale yabwino. Kujambula zithunzi pogwiritsa ntchito maikulosikopu ...

Pa opaleshoni yoyambirira,maikulosikopu a binocularAnkagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ngati zida zothandizira. Maikulosi ya binocular ndi chida chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito ma prism ndi magalasi kuti chikwaniritse masomphenya a stereoscopic. Chingapereke kuzindikira kwakuzama ndi masomphenya a stereoscopic omwe ma maikulosi a monocular alibe. Pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1900, von Zehender ndiye anayambitsa kugwiritsa ntchito magalasi okulitsa a binocular poyesa maso azachipatala. Pambuyo pake, Zeiss adayambitsa galasi lokulitsa la binocular lomwe lili ndi mtunda wogwirira ntchito wa 25 cm, ndikuyika maziko a chitukuko cha opaleshoni yamakono. Ponena za kujambula kwa ma maikulosi a binocular opaleshoni, mtunda wogwirira ntchito wa maikulosi oyambirira a binocular unali 75 mm. Ndi chitukuko ndi luso la zida zachipatala, maikulosi oyamba a opaleshoni OPMI1 adayambitsidwa, ndipo mtunda wogwirira ntchito ukhoza kufika 405 mm. Kukulanso kukukulirakulira nthawi zonse, ndipo njira zokulitsa zikuchulukirachulukira nthawi zonse. Ndi kupita patsogolo kosalekeza kwa maikulosi a binocular, zabwino zawo monga zotsatira za stereoscopic zomveka bwino, kumveka bwino kwambiri, ndi mtunda wautali wogwirira ntchito zapangitsa maikulosi a binocular opaleshoni kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'madipatimenti osiyanasiyana. Komabe, kuchepa kwa kukula kwake kwakukulu ndi kuya kwake kochepa sikunganyalanyazidwe, ndipo ogwira ntchito zachipatala ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa nthawi zambiri panthawi ya opaleshoni, zomwe zimawonjezera kuvutika kwa opaleshoni. Kuphatikiza apo, madokotala ochita opaleshoni omwe amayang'ana kwambiri kuyang'ana ndi kuchita opaleshoni kwa nthawi yayitali samangowonjezera katundu wawo wakuthupi, komanso satsatira mfundo za ergonomic. Madokotala amafunika kukhala ndi kaimidwe kokhazikika kuti achite mayeso a opaleshoni kwa odwala, ndipo kusintha kwa manja kumafunikanso, komwe kumawonjezera kuvutika kwa opaleshoni.

Pambuyo pa zaka za m'ma 1990, makina a makamera ndi masensa azithunzi anayamba kulumikizidwa pang'onopang'ono mu opaleshoni, zomwe zikusonyeza kuthekera kwakukulu kogwiritsa ntchito. Mu 1991, Berci adapanga njira yatsopano yowonera madera ochitira opaleshoni, yokhala ndi mtunda wosinthika wogwirira ntchito wa 150-500 mm ndi mainchesi owoneka kuyambira 15-25 mm, pomwe akusunga kuya kwa malo pakati pa 10-20 mm. Ngakhale kuti ndalama zambiri zosamalira magalasi ndi makamera panthawiyo zinachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo uwu m'zipatala zambiri, ofufuza adapitilizabe kutsatira njira zatsopano zaukadaulo ndipo adayamba kupanga ma microscope apamwamba kwambiri ochitira opaleshoni. Poyerekeza ndi ma microscope ochitira opaleshoni a binocular, omwe amafunikira nthawi yayitali kuti asunge njira yosasinthika iyi yogwirira ntchito, zimatha kubweretsa kutopa kwakuthupi ndi kwamaganizo. Maikroscope yochitira opaleshoni yamtundu wa kanema ikuwonetsa chithunzi chokulirapo pa chowunikira, kupewa kaimidwe koyipa kwa dokotala wa opaleshoni kwa nthawi yayitali. Maikroscope ochitira opaleshoni ogwiritsira ntchito makanema amamasula madokotala ku kaimidwe kamodzi, kuwalola kugwira ntchito pamalo opangidwa ndi thupi kudzera pazenera zapamwamba.

M'zaka zaposachedwapa, chifukwa cha kupita patsogolo kwa ukadaulo wanzeru zopanga, ma maikulosikopu opangira opaleshoni pang'onopang'ono akhala anzeru, ndipo ma maikulosikopu opangira opaleshoni pogwiritsa ntchito makanema akhala zinthu zodziwika bwino pamsika. Maikulosikopu opangira opaleshoni pogwiritsa ntchito makanema amaphatikiza masomphenya apakompyuta ndi ukadaulo wophunzirira mozama kuti akwaniritse kuzindikira zithunzi, kugawa, ndi kusanthula. Pa opaleshoni, ma maikulosikopu opanga opaleshoni pogwiritsa ntchito makanema anzeru angathandize madokotala kupeza minofu yodwala mwachangu ndikuwonjezera kulondola kwa opaleshoni.

Pakupanga kuyambira pa ma microscope a binocular mpaka ma microscope opangidwa ndi kanema, sikovuta kupeza kuti zofunikira pakulondola, kugwira ntchito bwino, komanso chitetezo pa opaleshoni zikuwonjezeka tsiku ndi tsiku. Pakadali pano, kufunikira kwa zithunzi za optical za ma microscope opangidwa sikungowonjezera kukula kwa ziwalo za matenda, koma kukuchulukirachulukira komanso kogwira mtima. Mu zamankhwala, ma microscope opangidwa opaleshoni amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu opaleshoni ya mitsempha ndi msana kudzera mu ma module a fluorescence ophatikizidwa ndi augmented reality. Dongosolo loyendera la AR lingathandize opaleshoni yovuta ya msana, ndipo othandizira kuwala amatha kutsogolera madokotala kuchotsa zotupa za muubongo kwathunthu. Kuphatikiza apo, ofufuza akwanitsa kuzindikira bwino ma polyps a vocal cord ndi leukoplakia pogwiritsa ntchito ma microscope opangidwa ndi hyperspectral ophatikizana ndi ma algorithms ogawa zithunzi. Ma microscope opangidwa ndi kanema akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magawo osiyanasiyana ochitira opaleshoni monga thyroidectomy, opaleshoni ya retina, ndi opaleshoni ya lymphatic pophatikiza ndi kujambula kwa fluorescence, kujambula kwa multispectral, ndi ukadaulo wanzeru wokonza zithunzi.

Poyerekeza ndi ma microscope ochitira opaleshoni a binocular, ma microscope ochitira opaleshoni amatha kupereka makanema ogawana ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri, zithunzi zapamwamba kwambiri za opaleshoni, ndipo ndi abwino kwambiri, amachepetsa kutopa kwa dokotala. Kukula kwa kujambula kwa optical, digito, ndi luntha kwasintha kwambiri magwiridwe antchito a ma microscope optical optical systems, ndipo kujambula kwa nthawi yeniyeni, augmented reality, ndi ukadaulo wina kwakulitsa kwambiri ntchito ndi ma module a ma microscope ochitira opaleshoni opangidwa ndi kanema.

Kujambula zithunzi za maikulosikopu opangidwa ndi kanema wamtsogolo kudzakhala kolondola kwambiri, kogwira mtima, komanso kwanzeru, kupatsa madokotala chidziwitso chokwanira, chatsatanetsatane, komanso cha mbali zitatu za odwala kuti atsogolere bwino opaleshoni. Pakadali pano, ndi kupita patsogolo kosalekeza kwa ukadaulo ndi kufalikira kwa madera ogwiritsira ntchito, dongosololi lidzagwiritsidwanso ntchito ndikupangidwa m'magawo ambiri.