Kodi mumadziwa bwanji za maikulosikopu opangira opaleshoni
A microscope opaleshonindi "diso" la dokotala wa microsurgery, wopangidwira malo opangira opaleshoni ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochita opaleshoni.microsurgery.
Ma microscopes opangira opaleshoniali ndi zida zowoneka bwino kwambiri, zomwe zimalola madokotala kuyang'ana mawonekedwe a anatomical a odwala pakukula kwakukulu ndikuwona zovuta kwambiri zokhala ndi malingaliro apamwamba komanso zosiyana, motero zimathandiza madokotala kuchita maopaleshoni apamwamba kwambiri.
TheMaikulosikopu ogwira ntchitomakamaka ili ndi magawo asanu:kawonedwe kachitidwe, dongosolo lowunikira, dongosolo lothandizira, dongosolo lolamulira,ndidongosolo lowonetsera.
Njira yowonera:Dongosolo loyang'ana makamaka limakhala ndi lens yofuna, makina owonera, chogawitsa mitengo, chubu, chotchinga m'maso, ndi zina zambiri. Ndichinthu chofunikira kwambiri chomwe chimakhudza luso la kujambula kwa chithunzi.Maikulosikopu yachipatala ya opaleshoni, kuphatikizapo kukulitsa, kuwongolera kwa chromatic aberration, ndi kuya kwa kuyang'ana (kuya kwa munda).
Njira yowunikira:Njira yowunikira makamaka imakhala ndi nyali zazikulu, magetsi othandizira, zingwe zowunikira, ndi zina zambiri, chomwe ndi chinthu china chofunikira chomwe chimakhudza luso la kujambula.Maikulosikopu opangira opaleshoni azachipatala.
Ndondomeko ya bracket:Makina a bulaketi makamaka amakhala ndi maziko, zipilala, mikono yodutsa, zopingasa XY zosuntha, ndi zina zotero.Maikulosikopu ogwira ntchito, ndipo m'pofunika kuonetsetsa kuyenda mofulumira ndi kusinthasintha kwa mawonekedwe ndi kuunikira kumalo ofunikira.
Dongosolo lowongolera:Dongosolo lowongolera limapangidwa makamaka ndi gulu lowongolera, chowongolera, ndi chowongolera phazi. Sizingangosankha mitundu yogwiritsira ntchito ndikusintha zithunzi panthawi ya opaleshoni kudzera pagawo lowongolera, komanso kukwaniritsa malo olondola kwambiri ang'onoang'ono kudzera pa chogwirira chowongolera ndi kuwongolera phazi, komanso kuwongolera mmwamba, pansi, kumanzere, kuyang'ana kumanja kwa maikulosikopu. , kusintha kwa kakulidwe, ndi kusintha kwa kuwala kwa kuwala.
Chiwonetsero:makamaka amapangidwa ndi makamera, otembenuza, mawonekedwe owoneka bwino, ndi zowonetsera.
Kukula kwaMaikulosikopu opangira opaleshoni akatswiriili ndi mbiri ya zaka pafupifupi zana. Zakale kwambirimicroscopes opaleshonizitha kuyambika chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1800, pamene madokotala anayamba kugwiritsa ntchito magalasi okulirapo pochita maopaleshoni kuti aone bwino. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1900, katswiri wa otologist Carl Olof Nylen anagwiritsa ntchito maikulosikopu ya monocular popanga opaleshoni ya otitis media, kutsegula chitseko kuti athetse vutoli.microsurgery.
Mu 1953, Zeiss adatulutsa malonda oyamba padziko lonse lapansimicroscope opaleshoniOPMI1, yomwe pambuyo pake idagwiritsidwa ntchito mu ophthalmology, neurosurgery, opaleshoni yapulasitiki, ndi madipatimenti ena. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, gulu lachipatala linasintha ndikuyambitsa makina opangira kuwala ndi makinamicroscopes opaleshoni.
Chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1970, pambuyo pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa ma switches a electromagnetic, dongosolo lonse laMaikulosikopu ogwira ntchitozinali zokhazikika.
M'zaka zaposachedwapa, ndi chitukuko chaMa microscopes ogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambirindi ukadaulo wa digito,microscopes opaleshoniayambitsa ma modules ambiri opangira ma intraoperative imaging ndi matekinoloje apamwamba oyerekeza kutengera momwe amagwirira ntchito, monga optical coherence tomography (OCT), kujambula kwa fluorescence, ndi augmented real (AR), kupatsa madokotala chidziwitso chokwanira chazithunzi.
Themicroscope ya opaleshoni yamabinocularimapanga masomphenya a stereoscopic kupyolera mu kusiyana kwa masomphenya a binocular. M'malipoti angapo, ma neurosurgeon adalembapo kusowa kwa zowoneka bwino ngati chimodzi mwa zolakwika za magalasi akunja. Ngakhale akatswiri ena amakhulupirira kuti malingaliro a stereoscopic atatu-dimensional stereoscopic sichofunikira kwambiri chomwe chimalepheretsa opaleshoni, imatha kugonjetsedwa kudzera mu maphunziro a opaleshoni kapena kugwiritsa ntchito zida zopangira opaleshoni kuti asunthire mawonekedwe osakhalitsa a maopaleshoni amitundu iwiri kuti akwaniritse kusowa kwa atatu. -dimensional okhudza malo kuzindikira; Komabe, mu maopaleshoni akuya ovuta, ma endoscopic amitundu iwiri sangathebe m'malo mwachikhalidwemicroscopes opaleshoni. Malipoti a kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti makina aposachedwa kwambiri a 3D endoscope sangalowe m'malo mwakemicroscopes opaleshonim'madera ofunika kwambiri a ubongo wakuya panthawi ya opaleshoni.
Dongosolo laposachedwa la 3D endoscope limatha kupereka masomphenya abwino a stereoscopic, komamicroscopes yachikhalidwe opaleshoniamakhalabe ndi maubwino osasinthika pakuzindikirika kwa minofu panthawi ya opaleshoni yotupa muubongo komanso magazi. OERTEL ndi BURKHARDT adapeza mu kafukufuku wachipatala wa 3D endoscope system kuti mu gulu la maopaleshoni a ubongo a 5 ndi maopaleshoni a msana a 11 omwe akuphatikizidwa mu phunziroli, maopaleshoni a ubongo a 3 anayenera kusiya dongosolo la 3D endoscope ndikupitiriza kugwiritsa ntchito.microscopes opaleshonikuti amalize opaleshoniyo panthawi yovuta kwambiri. Zinthu zomwe zimalepheretsa kugwiritsa ntchito makina a 3D endoscope kuti amalize ntchito yonse ya opaleshoni muzochitika zitatuzi zikhoza kukhala zambiri, kuphatikizapo kuunikira, masomphenya a stereoscopic, kusintha kwa stent, ndi kuyang'ana. Komabe, pa maopaleshoni ovuta muubongo wakuzama,microscopes opaleshoniakadali ndi ubwino wina.
Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-05-2024
